IMPORTANCE OF ROADS
Firstly, i will talk about the importance of roads
.1.Easy movement of men & material from one place to other
2 Increased education, employment, enforcement opportunities.
3. Development of tourism and better recreation
4.Increased trade and decreased cost of commodities5. Improve in road design.
6. Modernization of construction techniques.
7. Introduction of improved material conforming to latest trends.8. Evolving better and appropriate specifications, encouraging development and use of new technologies
FUNCTIONS OF I.R.C (INDIAN ROAD CONGRESS)
In addition to functions of roads
1 To prepare and recommend standard specifications for roads and bridges.
2. To publish journals and codes from time to time for different standards.
3. To carryout technical activities through committies and sub committies.4. To adopt these specifications is obligatory for all concerned.
CLASSIFICATION OF ROADS AS PER IRC
Furthermore the classification of roads. As per IRC or Nagpur plan the roads but they are classified into the following five categories.
1. National Highways (NH).
2. State Highways (S.H)..
3. Major District roads (MDR).
4. Minor District Roads or other district roads (ODR).
5. Village roads (V.R) etc.
1.National Highways (NH): These are the highways running through the length and breadth of the country, connecting ports, foreign highways, capitals of states, defence roads, large industrial and tourist centres etc. They are financed by the central Government and maintained by state public works Department, National Highway Authority of India and Border Roads organisation. Nearly 16 National Highways crosses Andhra pradesh out of 218 National Highways. National Highways are given numbers. Chandigarh to Amritsar is denoted as NH-1, Bombay Agra road is NH-3. Varanasi to Kanyakumari – NH-7, Madras
2 State Highways (S.H): State highways are arterial routes of a state linking district head quarters and important cities within the state and connecting them with National Highways or Highways of the neighbouring States. They are financed by stale Government, construction and maintained by roads and Buildings department.
3. Major District Roads (MDR): These are the important roads within the district serving areas of production and markets connecting these with each other or with main highways. These roads are financed by zilla parishads with the help of grants given by state Government.
4. Other District Roads (ODR) : These are roads serving rural areas of production and providing them with outlet to market centres and taluqs / Tehsils / Mandal head quarters, block development head quarters or other main roads. These are financed by zilla parishads with the help of grants given by State Government.
5. Village Roads (VR) : These are the roads connecting villages or Groups of villages with each other and to the nearest road of a higher category. These are financed by panchayats with the help of grants given by zilla parishads and State Government.
Conclusion: Moreover this roads has taken initiative state and central government